In supersymmetric field theories the terms in the effective potential which cannot be written as integral over all superspace variables often play special role; such terms are called F-terms. Gopakumar and Vafa (GV) proposed a formula expressing these interactions as a sum of BPS states in M-theory. In this talk we shall try to understand the derivation of GV formula more precisely and try to derive few lower order terms.
Reference: Mykola Dedushenko and Edward Witten, "Some Details On The Gopakumar-Vafa and Ooguri-Vafa Formula"; arXiv/1411.7108 [hep-th] https://arxiv.org/abs/1411.7108